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Action vs. inaction regret

Investing in the stock market vs keeping money in savings

If you act

Investing in the stock market

15%

If you don't

Keeping money in savings

48%

Percentage who later regret each choice. Bars and full ledger render below.


Financial

Last reviewed 2026-04-25

Evidence quality 3.25/5

Eight-dimension review score against the quality rubric . Each dimension scored 1–5.

D1 Source verification
2/5
D2 Source authority & independence
2/5
D3 Regret-rate accuracy
2/5
D4 Source comparability
3/5
D5 Gilovich pattern
5/5
D6 Prose quality
5/5
D7 Caveat completeness
4/5
D8 Sample quality
3/5
Average 3.25/5
Two jars on a shelf, one with a small growing plant, the other with stacked coins gathering dust.

Action regret

Investing in the stock market

15%

~15% cite investment-related financial regrets

US adults, nationally representative

retrospective, 2025

Inaction regret

Keeping money in savings

48%

~48% regret not saving/investing for retirement sooner

US adults, online panel

retrospective, no fixed timeframe

% who regret this choice

inaction dominates — Inaction dominates — most regret not acting.

Related decisions

Semantically similar decisions — same territory, different trade-offs.

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Inaction dominates

Inaction regret 3.2× higher

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Crypto vs traditional investing

% who regret this choice

Action dominates

Action regret 2.9× higher

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% who regret this choice

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Inaction regret 5.6× higher

lifestyle

Travel spending

% who regret this choice

Inaction dominates

Inaction regret 11.8× higher

FinancialDirect

Retirement savings timing

% who regret this choice

Inaction dominates

Inaction regret 11.0× higher

Financial

Student debt vs. cheaper path

% who regret this choice

Inaction dominates

Inaction regret 1.3× higher

lifestyle

Organic vs conventional

% who regret this choice

Inaction dominates

Inaction regret 3.1× higher

Financial

Rent negotiation

% who regret this choice

Inaction dominates

Inaction regret 1.9× higher

Not investing earlier in life is the single biggest financial regret Americans name, according to a Clarify Capital survey of 1,000 adults — ahead of overspending and taking on too much debt. Among the specific investments people wished they had made sooner, retirement accounts topped the list: nearly half (48%) said they should have started saving earlier. Bankrate’s 2025 nationally representative survey corroborates the pattern: 22% cite not saving for retirement early enough as their top financial regret. On the action side, Bankrate’s data shows that credit card debt (15%) is the second-most-common financial regret, while pure investment-loss regret does not even rank as a standalone category. Among investors specifically, 66% report regretting at least one impulsive or emotional decision — but this is execution regret (buying meme stocks, panic-selling), not regret about participating in markets.

The distinction between regretting that you invested and regretting how you invested is critical here. Most investor regret is tactical — wrong stock, wrong timing, wrong amount. This is qualitatively different from the inaction regret, which is existential: “I missed a decade of compound growth.” Gilovich’s temporal theory predicts exactly this pattern: action regrets (buying a bad stock) generate a specific, bounded pain that fades as people adapt or recover losses. Inaction regrets (not investing at all) are open-ended and grow with time, because the counterfactual return compounds.

The major caveat is market regime. These surveys were conducted during or shortly after a long US equity bull run that delivered historically strong returns. In Japan’s post-1989 market or the US post-2000 dot-com crash, the inaction-regret rate would look very different. The 48% figure from Clarify Capital (the share who said they should have started saving for retirement earlier) is more conservative than the previously cited 77% from MagnifyMoney, which inflated the rate by including timing regret among people who did eventually invest. The current 33-point delta is still directionally robust — not investing generates more lasting regret than investing — but the magnitude is era-dependent.

Sources: action

Claim ledger

Every number below is what each source reported, with the verbatim quote we relied on and how we arrived at our figure. Click any link to verify directly.

  1. [1] Bankrate — Survey: Nearly 3 In 4 Americans Have A Financial Regret
    Survey: Nearly 3 In 4 Americans Have A Financial Regret
    Statistic
    74% of Americans have a financial regret in 2025; taking on too much credit card debt (15%) is the second-most common regret; investment losses are a subset of the 15% 'something else' category
    Excerpt
    “"Americans' top two financial regrets are not saving for retirement early enough (22 percent) or taking on too much credit card debt (15 percent). Not saving enough for emergency expenses dropped from 18% in 2024 to 13% in 2025." ”
    Source data from
    2025-08-20
    Accessed
    2026-04-26
    Calculation
    Bankrate surveyed 2,078 US adults July 9-11, 2025. The survey does not break out "regret investing" as a standalone category. Taking on too much credit card debt (15%) is the closest action- regret category. We use 0.15 as the action-regret rate, noting this conflates debt regret with investment-action regret. The true rate for regretting stock market participation specifically is likely lower — Bankrate notes investment losses rank below savings and debt regrets.
  2. [2] MagnifyMoney / LendingTree — 66% of Investors Regret Impulsive or Emotional Investing Decisions
    66% of Investors Regret Impulsive or Emotional Investing Decisions
    Statistic
    66% of investors regret impulsive or emotional investing decisions; however, only a minority regret investing per se
    Excerpt
    “"66% of investors have made an impulsive or emotionally charged investing decision they later regretted. Nearly half (47%) report difficulties keeping emotions out of investing decisions. Those who self-manage report higher rates of regrettable decisions (71%) than those using an advisor (59%)." ”
    Source data from
    2021-08-10
    Accessed
    2026-04-26
    Calculation
    The 66% figure measures regret about HOW one invested (timing, impulse buys), not regret THAT one invested. Included as context: most investor regret is tactical, not existential. This is consistent with the Bankrate finding that investment-action regret ranks well below inaction regrets.

Sources: inaction

Claim ledger

Every number below is what each source reported, with the verbatim quote we relied on and how we arrived at our figure. Click any link to verify directly.

  1. [1] Clarify Capital — The Financial Regrets Report: What Americans Wish They Did Differently
    The Financial Regrets Report: What Americans Wish They Did Differently

    See all 2 Likelier entries citing this source →

    Statistic
    Not investing earlier in life was the single biggest financial regret; among specific investment regrets, nearly half (48%) said they should have started saving for retirement earlier
    Excerpt
    “"Americans' biggest financial regrets were not investing earlier in life, overspending, and taking on too much debt. ... Retirement accounts topped the list of investments Americans regretted not making sooner. Nearly half (48%) said they should have started saving earlier, including 56% of Gen X, 51% of baby boomers, and 35% of Gen Z." ”
    Source data from
    2024-06-15
    Accessed
    2026-04-26 · archived copy
    Calculation
    Clarify Capital surveyed 1,000 US adults (avg age 41, 50/50 gender split). The report names "not investing earlier in life" as the single biggest financial regret but attaches no headline percentage to that ranking. The cleanest source-stated inaction figure is the 48% who "said they should have started saving earlier" for retirement — the largest specific investment regret. We use 0.48 as the inaction-regret rate on that verbatim basis. (A prior draft displayed 43% with a per-category breakdown of overspending/debt/savings; those percentages do not appear in the source and were removed as unsupported.)
  2. [2] Bankrate — Survey: Nearly 3 In 4 Americans Have A Financial Regret
    Survey: Nearly 3 In 4 Americans Have A Financial Regret
    Statistic
    22% of Americans cite not saving for retirement early enough as their top financial regret in 2025
    Excerpt
    “"Americans' top two financial regrets are not saving for retirement early enough (22 percent) or taking on too much credit card debt (15 percent)." ”
    Source data from
    2025-08-20
    Accessed
    2026-04-26
    Calculation
    Bankrate's 2025 nationally representative survey (n=2,078) finds 22% cite not saving for retirement as top regret. This is a more conservative framing than Clarify Capital's 48% because Bankrate asks for a single top regret, while Clarify Capital's 48% is the share who "should have started saving earlier" for retirement. Both corroborate that inaction (not investing/saving) dominates action regret in financial decisions.

Caveats

The action-regret rate (15%) is a rough proxy derived from Bankrate's credit-card-debt-regret category — it does not isolate stock market investment regret specifically. The MagnifyMoney 66% figure (investors regretting impulsive decisions) measures execution regret, not regret about investing per se. On the inaction side, Clarify Capital's 48% is the share who "should have started saving earlier" for retirement — the largest specific investment regret in the report; the report names "not investing earlier in life" as the single biggest regret but attaches no headline percentage to that ranking, so 48% is the closest verbatim figure. The prior 77% MagnifyMoney figure was replaced because its "wish I'd started earlier" framing captured timing regret among people who did eventually invest, inflating the inaction rate. Bankrate's 22% (single-top-regret framing) and Clarify's 48% (should-have-started-saving-earlier framing) bracket the likely range. All surveys were conducted during or shortly after a long US bull market; in a prolonged bear market, action regret would be higher. The delta of 0.33 is still directionally robust: not investing generates more lasting regret than investing.

Raw data: /api/decisions.json

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